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A manual fire alarm can be activated by

  1. Using a “pull station”

  2. Calling 911

  3. A large amount of smoke

  4. Breaking the glass of a fire extinguisher casing

The correct answer is: Using a “pull station”

A manual fire alarm is activated by using a "pull station". This is a device placed at strategic points in a building which can be manually operated by individuals to signal a fire emergency. "Pull stations" are a critical component of fire alarm systems and are usually located near exits and escape routes for easy accessibility. When a person sees a fire, they are expected to pull the lever or break the glass cover (in some designs) at the station to sound the fire alarm throughout the building. This is different from automatic fire alarms which can be triggered by smoke or other signs of fire without human intervention. Therefore, calling 911, a large amount of smoke or breaking the glass of a fire extinguisher casing would not manually activate the fire alarm. These actions might bring help or put out a fire, but they would not activate the building's fire alarm system.